National culture and earnings management in developed and emerging countries

Purpose This study investigates how the association between national culture and earnings management compares developed emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis relies on a sample of 6,313 firm-year observations from 11 markets 27,605 22 authors use ordinary least squares regression methods to test hypotheses study. Findings Based Hofstede's (2011) cultural dimensions, find that firms countries with higher level uncertainty avoidance individualism are less likely engage in management, but effect (individualism) is more (less) pronounced Moreover, demonstrate (developed) levels power distance masculinity (more) management. Finally, evidence trade-off accruals-based real greater long-term orientation an indulgence dimension. Originality/value paper adds literature by theoretically discussing empirically analysing role countries' development plays